Economics

Mykhailo Pyrtko on South Africa’s Just Energy Transition: Promises, Politics and the Long Road from Coal

Expert Mykhailo Pyrtko explains How an $8.5 billion international pledge became one of the most watched experiments in global climate finance 1. Introduction: A Historic Pledge In November 2021, on the sidelines of the COP26 climate summit in Glasgow, something genuinely unprecedented took place. The United States, United Kingdom, European Union, France and Germany jointly […]

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Europe’s Gas Dependence: How New Pipelines and LNG Terminals Will Reshape the Energy Landscape in 2026

Gas dependence remains one of the key vulnerabilities of Europe’s energy system, even after the sharp reduction in supplies from traditional sources in 2022–2024. While import volumes have formally changed, the role of natural gas in the EU economy—across industry, power generation, and energy system balancing—has not diminished. The current stabilization is not the result

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Argentina After Reforms: Will Vaca Muerta Become a New Pillar of European Energy Security?

For decades, Argentina lived with a paradox all too familiar to every energy expert: the country possesses exceptional resources — world-class shale gas, high-quality lithium, and vast wind and solar potential — yet it consistently failed to convert this wealth into stable growth. Macroeconomic volatility and unpredictable rules of the game repeatedly interrupted investment cycles.

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India’s Potential to Become a Driver of the Global Energy Transition in 2026–2035

In the years 2026–2035, the world will enter a period of the most massive transformation of energy markets in modern history. Countries are revising energy production and consumption models, investing in decarbonization, and forming new supply chains for critical materials. Against this backdrop, the question is increasingly being raised: can India move beyond its status

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The Geopolitics of Energy in 2025: New Alliances, New Dependencies

In 2025, energy finally ceased to be just an economic category — it has become the main instrument of global politics. After several years of wars, sanctions, and an accelerated “green transition,” the world has entered a new phase of energy geopolitics, where the boundaries between allies and competitors are often blurred. Europe is trying

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